Showing posts with label Astrophoto. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Astrophoto. Show all posts

Wednesday, October 23, 2013

Earth and Climate: Two Scenarios of Our Planet in 2100 AD

Earth and Climate: Two Scenarios of Our Planet in 2100 AD:
The Earth at night. What will it look like 100 years from now? Image credit: NASA-NOAA
The Earth at night. What will it look like 100 years from now? Image credit: NASA-NOAA
The Earth is warming up.
Ocean temperatures are rising. Arctic sea ice is melting. Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are growing. The oceans are becoming more acidic. The weather is already more extreme.
With the release of the fifth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – a panel of more than 2,500 experts, more commonly known as the IPCC -  it’s clear that climate change is very real. But it’s especially clear that we are the cause. If we don’t act now by taking vigorous action to reduce emissions the results will be catastrophic.
Toward the end of this 900-page report, the IPCC looked toward our future, focusing on the climate after the year 2100. Here, Universe Today, explores two extreme scenarios for the Earth by 2100.
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Latest Images of Comet ISON Show it is ‘Doing Just Fine’

Latest Images of Comet ISON Show it is ‘Doing Just Fine’:
Comet ISON on October 8, 2013 as seen through the Schulman 0.8 Telescope atop Mount Lemmon at the University of Arizona SkyCenter. Credit: Adam Block/UA SkyCenter.
Comet ISON on October 8, 2013 as seen through the Schulman 0.8 Telescope atop Mount Lemmon at the University of Arizona SkyCenter. Credit: Adam Block/UA SkyCenter.
As we reported yesterday, the latest data on Comet ISON indicates there is some encouraging news as far as the Comet surviving perihelion, its closest approach to the Sun. While some are all doom and gloom about the potential for Comet ISON putting on a good show, these latest images indicate that as of now, this comet is alive and doing well!
“We really do not know what comet ISON is going to do when it gets near the Sun,” wrote astronomer Karl Battams of the Comet ISON Observing Campaign website. “But what we can say for certain, right now, is that comet ISON is doing just fine! It continues to behave like a fairly typical, if somewhat smaller-than-average, Oort Cloud comet. It has given no indication that it has fragmented and while such an event can never be ruled out, we see no evidence or hint that the comet is in any imminent danger of doing so. Any reports to the contrary are just speculation.”
You can read more from Battams about the current status of ISON, but just take a look at some of these gorgeous latest images from a variety of astrophotographers:
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Technicolor Auroras? A Reality Check

Technicolor Auroras? A Reality Check:
Beautiful red and green aurora the night of Oct. 1-2, 2013. See below for how it appeared to the eye. Details: 20mm lens, f/2.8, ISO 1600 and 25-second exposure. Credit: Bob King
Beautiful red and green aurora the night of Oct. 1-2, 2013. See below for how it appeared to the eye. Details: 20mm lens, f/2.8, ISO 1600 and 25-second exposure. Credit: Bob King
I shoot a lot of pictures of the northern lights. Just like the next photographer, I thrill to the striking colors that glow from the back of my digital camera. When preparing those images for publication, many of us lighten or brighten the images so the colors and forms stand out better. Nothing wrong with that, except most times the aurora never looked that way to our eyes.
Shocked? I took the photo above and using Photoshop adjusted color and brightness to match the naked eye view. Credit: Bob King
Surprised? I took the photo above and using Photoshop adjusted color and brightness to match the naked eye view. Notice the green tinge in the bright arc at bottom. The rays were colorless. Credit: Bob King

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Future Supernova Is Surrounded By Hydrogen Clouds

Future Supernova Is Surrounded By Hydrogen Clouds:
Future Supernova Is Surrounded By Hydrogen Clouds
A “super star cluster”, Westerlund 1, which is about 16,000 light-years from Earth. It can be found in the southern constellation of Ara. The picture was taken from the European Southern Observatory’s VLT Survey Telescope. Credit: ESO/VPHAS+ Survey/N. Wright
The faint green glow you see in that picture is not an early harbringer of Hallowe’en spooks. It’s hydrogen gas clouds found recently nearby W26, a future supernova in the star cluster Westerlund 1.
The European Southern Observatory’s VLT Survey Telescope in Chile spotted the hydrogen in the cluster, which has hundreds of huge stars that are only believed to be a few million years old. (Our solar system, by comparison, is about 4.5 billion years old.)
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UFO : Novel Strategy May Help Target Extraterrestrial Intelligent Life

Novel Strategy May Help Target Extraterrestrial Intelligent Life:
Photo: Mike Agliolo/Corbis
An artist’s conception depicting the possibility of extraterrestrial life. Photo credit: Mike Agliolo/Corbis
Discovering life beyond Earth might just be the holy grail of science. And even though we have yet to find evidence for little green men or blobs of bacteria, astronomers continue to search for elusive signs of life.
A novel strategy may help astronomers better target extraterrestrial intelligent life, a new study suggests. This new SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) search approach would be to monitor the regions of nearby stars to search for communication devices.
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How the Moon Would Look if it Were at the Same Distance as the Space Station

How the Moon Would Look if it Were at the Same Distance as the Space Station:

This is completely impossible, but fun just the same. How would the Moon look from Earth if it orbited at just 420 km above our planet, which is the same orbital distance as the International Space Station? Here, for the sake of fun, we’re disregarding the Roche Limit and how a body as large as the Moon being that close would completely disrupt so many things on our planet. Plus, as people discussing this on Google+ said, it would be horrible for astrophotography!
Check out more videos by this same person, which include a size comparison of the planets and how the Moon would look if it were replaced with some of the planets in our Solar System.
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Wet Asteroid’s Remains Found In Old Star That Could Have Hosted Habitable Planets

Wet Asteroid’s Remains Found In Old Star That Could Have Hosted Habitable Planets:
Artist's impression of a rocky and water-rich asteroid being torn apart by the strong gravity of the white dwarf star GD 61. Credit: Mark A. Garlick, space-art.co.uk, University of Warwick and University of Cambridge
Artist’s impression of a rocky and water-rich asteroid being torn apart by the strong gravity of the white dwarf star GD 61. Credit: Mark A. Garlick, space-art.co.uk, University of Warwick and University of Cambridge
Remains of a water-filled asteroid are circling a dying white dwarf star, right now, about 150 light-years from us. The new find is the first demonstration of water and a rocky surface in a spot beyond the solar system, researchers say.
The discovery is exciting to the astronomical team because, according to them, it’s likely that water on Earth came from asteroids, comets and other small bodies in the solar system. Finding a watery rocky body demonstrates that this theory has legs, they said. (There are, however, multiple explanations for water on Earth.)
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Wet Asteroid’s Remains Found In Old Star That Could Have Hosted Habitable Planets

Wet Asteroid’s Remains Found In Old Star That Could Have Hosted Habitable Planets:
Artist's impression of a rocky and water-rich asteroid being torn apart by the strong gravity of the white dwarf star GD 61. Credit: Mark A. Garlick, space-art.co.uk, University of Warwick and University of Cambridge
Artist’s impression of a rocky and water-rich asteroid being torn apart by the strong gravity of the white dwarf star GD 61. Credit: Mark A. Garlick, space-art.co.uk, University of Warwick and University of Cambridge
Remains of a water-filled asteroid are circling a dying white dwarf star, right now, about 150 light-years from us. The new find is the first demonstration of water and a rocky surface in a spot beyond the solar system, researchers say.
The discovery is exciting to the astronomical team because, according to them, it’s likely that water on Earth came from asteroids, comets and other small bodies in the solar system. Finding a watery rocky body demonstrates that this theory has legs, they said. (There are, however, multiple explanations for water on Earth.)
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Planet Aurora Astro-Bubble

Planet Aurora Astro-Bubble:
A unique panoramic image from of the aurora seen over Norway on October 14. Credit and copyright: Göran Strand.
A unique panoramic image from of the aurora seen over Norway on October 14. Credit and copyright: Göran Strand.
How fun is this?! “Here’s a panoramic image from the aurora on October 14,” wrote Norwegian astrophotographer Göran Strand. “I’ve made a small world trapped inside a bubble floating in space. And a lonely photographer is trying to capture the ongoing aurora with his camera.”
This isn’t the first time we’ve seen photographers create their own little worlds from panoramic images (see here and here). Here’s a tutorial on how to do this.

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ALMA Peers Into Giant Black Hole Jets

ALMA Peers Into Giant Black Hole Jets:
This detailed view shows the central parts of the nearby active galaxy NGC 1433. The dim blue background image, showing the central dust lanes of this galaxy, comes from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. The coloured structures near the centre are from recent ALMA observations that have revealed a spiral shape, as well as an unexpected outflow, for the first time. Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)/NASA/ESA/F. Combes
This detailed view shows the central parts of the nearby active galaxy NGC 1433. The dim blue background image, showing the central dust lanes of this galaxy, comes from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. The coloured structures near the centre are from recent ALMA observations that have revealed a spiral shape, as well as an unexpected outflow, for the first time. Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)/NASA/ESA/F. Combes
Did you ever wonder what it would be like to observe what happens to a galaxy near a black hole? For all of us who remember that wonderful Disney movie, it would be a remarkable – if not hypnotic – experience. Now, thanks to the powerful observational tools of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), two international astronomy teams have had the opportunity to study the jets of black holes near their galactic cores and see just how they impact their neighborhood. The researchers have captured the best view so far of a molecular gas cloud surrounding a nearby, quiescent black hole and were gifted with a surprise look at the base of a massive jet near a distant one. (...)
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Here’s A Nine-Billion-Year Old Gravitational Lens In Space

Here’s A Nine-Billion-Year Old Gravitational Lens In Space:
A picture of the object J1000+0221, which demonstrates the most distant gravitational lens ever discovered. This Hubble picture shows a normal galaxy's center region (the glow in the picture), but the object is also aligned with a younger, star-creating galaxy that is in behind. The object in the foreground pulls light from the background galaxy with gravity -- making rings of  pictures. Credit: NASA/ESA/A. van der Wel
A picture of the object J1000+0221, which demonstrates the most distant gravitational lens ever discovered. This Hubble picture shows a normal galaxy’s center region (the glow in the picture), but the object is also aligned with a younger, star-creating galaxy that is in behind. The object in the foreground pulls light from the background galaxy with gravity — making rings of pictures. Credit: NASA/ESA/A. van der Wel
Here’s a picture of what deflected light looks like from 9.4 billion years away. This is the most faraway “gravitational lens” that we know of, and a demonstration of how a galaxy can bend the light of an object behind it. The phenomenon was first predicted by Einstein, and is a handy way of measuring mass (including the mass of mysterious dark matter.)
“The discovery was completely by chance,” stated Arjen van der Wel, who is with the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg, Germany.
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An Incredible View of Saturn that Could Only Be Seen by a Visiting Spacecraft

An Incredible View of Saturn that Could Only Be Seen by a Visiting Spacecraft:
Saturn and its rings, as seen from above the planet by the Cassini spacecraft. Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute. Assembled by Gordan Ugarkovic.
Saturn and its rings, as seen from above the planet by the Cassini spacecraft. Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute. Assembled by Gordan Ugarkovic.
So what did NASA do during the US government shutdown? You can’t just turn off spacecraft that are operating millions of miles away, so missions like the Mars rovers and the Cassini spacecraft at Saturn continued to send back images to Earth during the 16 days that most of NASA wasn’t up and running like usual. On October 10, 2013, as Cassini flew high above the planet’s equatorial plane, the spacecraft’s camera took 36 images of Saturn, a dozen each using the various red, green, and blue filters used to create color images. The images were transferred back to Earth and put on the Cassini raw images page. Gordon Ugarkovic from Croatia, and a member of the image editing wizards at UnmannedSpaceflight.com, grabbed the raw files, processed them, then assembled the images into this jaw-dropping mosaic.
This is a view from Saturn that we could never get from Earth; only a spacecraft orbiting the planet could take it.(...)
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Topsy-Turvy Aurora Caught On Astronaut’s Camera

Topsy-Turvy Aurora Caught On Astronaut’s Camera:
Topsy-Turvy Aurora Caught On Astronaut’s Camera
“The pic doesn’t do the northern lights justice. Covered the whole sky. Truly amazing!” wrote NASA astronaut Mike Hopkins on Twitter Oct. 9.
Isn’t that aurora facing the wrong way? Not if you’re in space!
NASA astronaut Mike Hopkins tweeted this picture from his perch on the International Space Station a few days ago. He sounds jazzed to be on his first mission: “Can’t believe this is really me from the Cupola and that I’ve been in space for almost 3 weeks now!” he wrote on Twitter Oct. 15.
We’d be pretty excited, too! Luca Parmitano (from the European Space Agency) is also on his first trip into space. In between their many experiments, the rookies must relish the opportunity to take pictures of the view. Which image of theirs below is your favorite? Did we miss any notable shots? Let us know in the comments.
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Hubble’s Latest View Shows Comet ISON Still Intact, Fairly Average

Hubble’s Latest View Shows Comet ISON Still Intact, Fairly Average:
Hubble's view of Comet ISON on Oct. 9, 2013. Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)
Hubble’s view of Comet ISON on Oct. 9, 2013. Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)
We’ve been showing images of Comet ISON from amateur astronomers around the world, but now that NASA is back from the government shutdown, here’s more proof that the comet is still intact and has not disintegrated … despite some predictions to the contrary. This image was taken on October 9.
NASA explains:
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Tilt-A-Whirl! A Tale Of Strange Planetary Orbits In Kepler-56

Tilt-A-Whirl! A Tale Of Strange Planetary Orbits In Kepler-56:
Artist's conception of Kepler-56, which has two planets orbiting at a tilt to their star despite the fact that scientists found no bigger gas giant planet to alter their orbits. Credit: Daniel Huber/NASA's Ames Research Center.
Artist’s conception of Kepler-56, which has two planets orbiting at a tilt to their star despite the fact that scientists found no “hot Jupiter” to alter their orbits. Credit: Daniel Huber/NASA’s Ames Research Center.
A faraway group of planets is puzzling scientists. Newly reported Kepler-56′s system has three planets — two smaller ones close by, and a much larger one further out. The inner planets are orbiting at a tilt to the equator of the host star.
Scientists have seen that tilt before in other systems, but they thought you would need a “hot Jupiter” — a huge gas giant planet close to the star — to make that happen. Here, that’s not the case. The outer planet’s gravity, distant as it is, is pulling the two planets into their tilted orbits.
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NASA: Less Than 1% Chance That Asteroid 2013 TV135 Will Hit Earth In 2032

NASA: Less Than 1% Chance That Asteroid 2013 TV135 Will Hit Earth In 2032:
Diagram of the orbit of  orbit of asteroid 2013 TV135 (in blue), which scientists are 99.998% certain will not hit Earth. Calculations are based on one week of observations since the asteroid's discovery Oct. 8, and astronomers expect further observations will reduce or eliminate the observed impact probability. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Diagram of the orbit of orbit of asteroid 2013 TV135 (in blue), which scientists are 99.998% certain will not hit Earth. Calculations are based on one week of observations since the asteroid’s discovery Oct. 8, and astronomers expect further observations will reduce or eliminate the observed impact probability. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
We’ll skip straight to the good news: NASA says Earth is likely safe from Asteroid 2013 TV135. Calculations put the newly discovered asteroid’s chances of hitting the planet in 2032 at incredibly small — 1 in 63,000 — despite some alarmist news reports.
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Astronomer’s Map Dark Matter Throughout the Entire Universe

Astronomer’s Map Dark Matter Throughout the Entire Universe:
Full sky map of the cosmic microwave background. The color red indicates a cool spot while the color blue indicates a hot spot. Image credit: NASA.
Full sky map of the cosmic microwave background. The color red indicates a cool spot while the color blue indicates a hot spot. Image credit: NASA.
Warped visions of the cosmic microwave background – the earliest detectable light – allow astronomers to map the total amount of visible and invisible matter throughout the universe.
Roughly 85 percent of all matter in the universe is dark matter, invisible to even the most powerful telescopes, but detectable by its gravitational pull.
In order to find dark matter, astronomers look for an effect called gravitational lensing: when the gravitational pull of dark matter bends and amplifies light from a more distant object. In its most eccentric form it results in multiple arc-shaped images of distant cosmic objects.
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Planck Enters Retirement Shortly; This Picture Shows Just Some Of Its Views

Planck Enters Retirement Shortly; This Picture Shows Just Some Of Its Views:
A March 2013 picture of the Shapley Supercluster from the European Space Agency's Planck observatory. ESA describes it as
A March 2013 picture of the Shapley Supercluster from the European Space Agency’s Planck observatory. ESA describes it as “the largest cosmic structure in the local Universe.” Credit: ESA & Planck Collaboration / Rosat/ Digitised Sky Survey
With two days left before Planck switches off forever, the European Space Agency re-posted this beautiful image the telescope recently assisted in taking. It shows the Shapley Supercluster, which ESA describes as the biggest cosmic structure in our neighborhood.
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How to See This Season’s “Other” Comet: 2P/Encke

How to See This Season’s “Other” Comet: 2P/Encke:
Comet 2P/Encke as imaged by Damian Peach on October 12th. (Credit: D. Peach)
Comet 2P/Encke as imaged by Damian Peach on October 12th. Taken with a 20″ CDK telescope and a FLI Proline PL11002 Colr CCD camera; LRGB: L: 6×2 minutes, RGB exposure: 1×2 minutes.  (Credit: D. Peach)
2013 may well go down as “The Year of the Comet.” After over a decade punctuated by only sporadic bright comets such as 17P/Holmes, C/2011 W3 Lovejoy and C/2006 P1 McNaught, we’ve already had two naked eye comets visible this year by way of C/2012 F6 Lemmon and C/2011 L4 PanSTARRS. And of course, all eyes are on Comet C/2012 S1 ISON as it plunges towards perihelion on U.S. Thanksgiving Day, November 28th.
But there’s an “old faithful” of comets that’s currently in our solar neighborhood, and worth checking out as well.(...)
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A Colorful Art Project You Can Only Do In Space

A Colorful Art Project You Can Only Do In Space:
On Expedition 27 in May 2011, NASA astronaut Cady Coleman participated in the Auroral Oval Spiral Top experiment. Credit: NASA
On Expedition 27 in May 2011, NASA astronaut Cady Coleman participated in the Auroral Oval Spiral Top experiment. Credit: NASA
Wow! That was our reaction to seeing this picture (and others) of a light show aboard the International Space Station. After confirming with NASA that the images circulating lately on social media are real, we were directed to the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), who co-ordinated this experiment.
The work is called “Auroral Oval Spiral Top” and was done in the Kibo module on May 12, 2011, JAXA said. This was the second version of the experiment, which initially ran April 30, 2009 during Expedition 19.
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