Colossal Hot Cloud Envelopes Colliding Galaxies

Wednesday, July 16, 2014

Colossal Hot Cloud Envelopes Colliding Galaxies

Colossal Hot Cloud Envelopes Colliding Galaxies:

Scientists have used
Chandra to make a detailed study of an enormous cloud of hot gas
enveloping two large, colliding galaxies. This unusually large
reservoir of gas contains as much mass as 10 billion Suns, spans
about 300,000 light years, and radiates at a temperature of more
than 7 million degrees.

This giant gas cloud,
which scientists call a "halo," is located in the system called NGC
6240. Astronomers have long known that NGC 6240 is the site of the
merger of two large spiral galaxies similar in size to our own
Milky Way. Each galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its
center. The black holes are spiraling toward one another, and may
eventually merge to form a larger black hole.

Another consequence of the collision between the galaxies
is that the gas contained in each individual galaxy has been
violently stirred up. This caused a baby boom of new stars that has
lasted for at least 200 million years. During this burst of stellar
birth, some of the most massive stars raced through their evolution
and exploded relatively quickly as supernovas.

The scientists involved with this study argue that this
rush of supernova explosions dispersed relatively high amounts of
important elements such as oxygen, neon, magnesium, and silicon
into the hot gas of the newly combined galaxies. According to the
researchers, the data suggest that this enriched gas has slowly
expanded into and mixed with cooler gas that was already
there.

During the extended baby boom, shorter
bursts of star formation have occurred. For example, the most
recent burst of star formation lasted for about five million years
and occurred about 20 million years ago in Earth's timeframe.
However, the authors do not think that the hot gas was produced
just by this shorter burst.

More at http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2013/ngc6240/

-Megan Watzke, CXC

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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is the United States government agency responsible for the civilian space program as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. President Dwight D. Eisenhower established the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1958 with a distinctly civilian (rather than military) orientation encouraging peaceful applications in space science. The National Aeronautics and Space Act was passed on July 29, 1958, disestablishing NASA's predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). The new agency became operational on October 1, 1958.

UFO SIGHTINGS PHOTO PHOTOGRAPHY

The Oxford English Dictionary defines a UFO as "An unidentified flying object; a 'flying saucer'." The first published book to use the word was authored by Donald E. Keyhoe. The acronym "UFO" was coined by Captain Edward J. Ruppelt, who headed Project Blue Book, then the USAF's official investigation of UFOs. He wrote, "Obviously the term 'flying saucer' is misleading when applied to objects of every conceivable shape and performance. For this reason the military prefers the more general, if less colorful, name: unidentified flying objects. UFO (pronounced Yoo-foe) for short." Other phrases that were used officially and that predate the UFO acronym include "flying flapjack", "flying disc", "unexplained flying discs", "unidentifiable object", and "flying saucer". The phrase "flying saucer" had gained widespread attention after the summer of 1947. On June 24, a civilian pilot named Kenneth Arnold reported seeing nine objects flying in formation near Mount Rainier. Arnold timed the sighting and estimated the speed of discs to be over 1,200 mph (1,931 km/h). At the time, he described the objects' shape as being somewhat disc-like or saucer-like, leading to newspaper accounts of "flying saucers" and "flying discs". In popular usage the term UFO came to be used to refer to claims of alien spacecraft. and because of the public and media ridicule associated with the topic, some investigators prefer to use such terms as unidentified aerial phenomenon (or UAP) or anomalous phenomena, as in the title of the National Aviation Reporting Center on Anomalous Phenomena (NARCAP).

UFO PHOTO PHOTOGRAPHY

UFO - Unidentified Flying Object An unidentified flying object, or UFO, in its most general definition, is any apparent anomaly in the sky that is not identifiable as a known object or phenomenon. Culturally, UFOs are associated with claims of visitation by extraterrestrial life or government-related conspiracy theories, and have become popular subjects in fiction. While UFOs are often later identified, sometimes identification may not be possible owing to the usually low quality of evidence related to UFO sightings (generally anecdotal evidence and eyewitness accounts). Stories of fantastical celestial apparitions have been told since antiquity, but the term "UFO" (or "UFOB") was officially created in 1953 by the United States Air Force (USAF) to serve as a catch-all for all such reports. In its initial definition, the USAF stated that a "UFOB" was "any airborne object which by performance, aerodynamic characteristics, or unusual features, does not conform to any presently known aircraft or missile type, or which cannot be positively identified as a familiar object." Accordingly, the term was initially restricted to that fraction of cases which remained unidentified after investigation, as the USAF was interested in potential national security reasons and/or "technical aspects" (see Air Force Regulation 200-2). During the late 1940s and through the 1950s, UFOs were often referred to popularly as "flying saucers" or "flying discs". The term UFO became more widespread during the 1950s, at first in technical literature, but later in popular use. UFOs garnered considerable interest during the Cold War, an era associated with a heightened concern for national security. Various studies have concluded that the phenomenon does not represent a threat to national security nor does it contain anything worthy of scientific pursuit (e.g., 1951 Flying Saucer Working Party, 1953 CIA Robertson Panel, USAF Project Blue Book, Condon Committee).

Photos of Nature | Nature Photography What is The Universe

Photos of Nature | Nature Photography What is The Universe

Wednesday, July 16, 2014