Wednesday, March 12, 2014

Supermassive Black Hole’s Dizzying Spin Is Half The Speed Of Light

Supermassive Black Hole’s Dizzying Spin Is Half The Speed Of Light:



This photo combination shows the quasar  RX J1131-1231 imaged by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Hubble Space Telescope. Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Univ of Michigan/R.C.Reis et al; Optical: NASA/STScI



This photo combination shows the quasar RX J1131-1231 imaged by NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Hubble Space Telescope. Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Univ of Michigan/R.C.Reis et al; Optical: NASA/STScI
The spin rate of a supermassive black hole has been measured for the first time, and wow, is it fast. X-ray observations of  RX J1131-1231 (RX J1131 for short) show it is whizzing around at almost half the speed of light. Through X-rays, the astronomers were able to peer at the rate of debris fall into the singularity, yielding the speed measurement.

“We estimate that the X-rays are coming from a region in the disk located only about three times the radius of the event horizon — the point of no return for infalling matter,” stated Jon Miller, an an associate professor of astronomy at the University of Michigan and a co-author on the paper. “The black hole must be spinning extremely rapidly to allow a disk to survive at such a small radius.”

(...)
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New Technique Could Measure Exoplanet Atmospheric Pressure, an Indicator of Habitability

New Technique Could Measure Exoplanet Atmospheric Pressure, an Indicator of Habitability:



Artistic representations of the only known planets around other stars (exoplanets) with any possibility to support life as we know it. Credit: Planetary Habitability Laboratory, University of Puerto Rico, Arecibo. Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/104088/iau-revises-their-stance-on-public-involvement-in-naming-of-exoplanets-and-moons



An artist’s conception of the only known planets that are likely to be habitable. Image Credit: Planetary Habitability Laboratory, University of Puerto Rico, Arecibo.
Measuring the atmospheric pressure of a distant exoplanet may seem like a daunting task but astronomers at the University of Washington have now developed a new technique to do just that.

When exoplanet discoveries first started rolling in, astronomers laid emphasis in finding planets within the habitable zone — the band around a star where water neither freezes nor boils. But characterizing the environment and habitability of an exoplanet doesn’t depend on the planet’s surface temperature alone.

Atmospheric pressure is just as important in gauging whether or not the surface of an exoplanet may likely hold liquid water. Anyone familiar with camping at high-altitude should have a good understanding of how pressure affects water’s boiling point.

(...)
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Rocket Launches Into an Aurora to Study Auroral Swirls

Rocket Launches Into an Aurora to Study Auroral Swirls:



On March 3, 2014 the The Ground-to-Rocket Electrodynamics – Electron Correlative Experiment (GREECE)  sounding rocket launched straight into an aurora from the Poker Flat Research Range in Poker Flat, Alaska. Credit: NASA



On March 3, 2014 the The Ground-to-Rocket Electrodynamics – Electron Correlative Experiment (GREECE) sounding rocket launched straight into an aurora from the Poker Flat Research Range in Poker Flat, Alaska. Credit: NASA
If you’ve ever wondered what makes the aurora take on the amazing forms it does you’ve got company. Marilia Samara and the crew of aurora researchers at Alaska’s Poker Flat Range head up the NASA-funded Ground-to-Rocket Electrodynamics-Electrons Correlative Experiment, or GREECE. Their mission is to understand what causes the swirls seen in very active auroras. (...)
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A Natural Planetary Defense Against Solar Storms

A Natural Planetary Defense Against Solar Storms:



Click here for animation. Credit:



THEMIS has observed how dense particles can “snake up” along magnetic field lines as cold plasma plumes. Click here for animation. Credit: NASA/Goddard Space flight Center.
Planetary shields up: solar storms inbound…

Researchers at NASA’s Goddard Spaceflight Center and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have identified a fascinating natural process by which the magnetosphere of our fair planet can — to use a sports analogy — “shot block,” or at least partially buffer an incoming solar event.(...)
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Giant Planet May Be Lurking In ‘Poisonous’ Gas Around Beta Pictoris

Giant Planet May Be Lurking In ‘Poisonous’ Gas Around Beta Pictoris:







A Saturn-mass planet might be lurking in the debris surrounding Beta Pictoris, new measurements of a debris field around the star shown. If this could be proven, this would be the second planet found around that star.

The planet would be sheparding a giant swarm of comets (some in front and some trailing behind the planet) that are smacking into each other as often as every five minutes, new observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) show. This is the leading explanation for a cloud of carbon monoxide gas visible in the array.

(...)
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Watch a Bright Star Disappear Behind the Moon Monday Night

Watch a Bright Star Disappear Behind the Moon Monday Night:



Lambda Geminorum at 10:43 p.m. March 11 just two minutes before disappearing behind the moon as seen from Minneapolis, Minn. US. Stellarium



Lambda Geminorum at 10:43 p.m. March 11 just two minutes before disappearing behind the moon as seen from Minneapolis, Minn. USA. Click image for a map and table of times when the occultation will be visible from your town. Stellarium
Ever dabbled in the occult? You’ll have your chance Monday night March 10 when the waxing gibbous moon glides in front of the star Lambda Geminorum for much of North America, occulting it from view for an hour or more. Occultations of stars by the moon happens regularly but most go unnoticed by casual skywatchers. Lambda is an exception because it’s one of the brighter stars that happens to lie along the moon’s path. Shining at magnitude +3.6, any small telescope and even a pair of 10×50 or larger binoculars will show it disappear along the dark edge of the moon. (...)
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Rise And Shine! Rosetta’s Comet Emerges From Behind Sun, Much Brighter Than Before

Rise And Shine! Rosetta’s Comet Emerges From Behind Sun, Much Brighter Than Before:



Artist's impression (not to scale) of the Rosetta orbiter deploying the Philae lander to comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Credit: ESA–C. Carreau/ATG medialab.



Artist’s impression (not to scale) of the Rosetta orbiter deploying the Philae lander to comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Credit: ESA–C. Carreau/ATG medialab.
After four months behind the sun from Earth’s perspective, comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is back in view — and brighter than ever! New pictures of the comet reveal it is 50 percent brighter than the last images available from October 2013. You can see the result below the jump.

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Real Images From NASA Show the ‘Cosmos’ as a Space-Time Odyssey

Real Images From NASA Show the ‘Cosmos’ as a Space-Time Odyssey:



A false-color image, taken by the Cassini spacecraft, of a huge hurricane at Saturn's north pole. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SSI



A false-color image, taken by the Cassini spacecraft, of a huge hurricane at Saturn’s north pole. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SSI
With the premiere of the revamped “Cosmos” series, NASA used this opportunity to showcase the imagery and missions that are such a big part of our explorations of the Universe, live-Tweeting during the show:

(...)
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Astrophoto: Gorgeous Panorama of the Orion & Horsehead Nebulae and Orion’s Belt

Astrophoto: Gorgeous Panorama of the Orion & Horsehead Nebulae and Orion’s Belt:



A panoramic view of the Great Orion Nebula and the Horsehead Nebula including the very familiar three bright stars of Orion's belt.  This was captured in January, February and early March 2014 over 8 nights. Credit and copyright: Terry Hancock.



A panoramic view of the Great Orion Nebula and the Horsehead Nebula including the very familiar three bright stars of Orion’s belt. This was captured in January, February and early March 2014 over 8 nights. Credit and copyright: Terry Hancock.
Astrophotographer Terry Hancock has been working on this for several weeks and the results are fabulous. This panoramic view of the Orion region includes two of the most recognizable objects in this constellation — the Orion Nebula and the Horsehead Nebula. It also takes a look at the three bright stars of Orion’s belt Alnitak (to the left of the image), Alnilam and Mintaka. Additionally, it shows part of the Orion molecular cloud.

Wow!

More info on this image from Terry:

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Astrophoto: “Second Star to the Right and Straight on Until Morning!”

Astrophoto: “Second Star to the Right and Straight on Until Morning!”:



 A 14-image panorama of the Milky Way taken under very dark skies in the heart of the Riverina, New South Wales, Australia, with a bit of direction from a road sign. Credit and copyright: Carlos Orue.



A 14-image panorama of the Milky Way taken under very dark skies in the heart of the Riverina, New South Wales, Australia, with a bit of direction from a road sign. Credit and copyright: Carlos Orue.
Which way to the center of the galaxy? This very creative — and gorgeous — view of the Milky Way was taken this past weekend (March 9, 2014) by astrophotographer Carlos Orue from Australia. Carlos said the Milky Way was so bright under these dark skies that “I almost needed sunnies to turn down the glare! Lots of green airglow visible too.”

While taking the images for this 14-image panorama, Carlos said he had lots of company: “Kangaroos, wallabies, wombats, emus, bunny rabbits and foxes.”

(...)
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Astronomers Identify the Largest Yellow “Hypergiant” Star Known

Astronomers Identify the Largest Yellow “Hypergiant” Star Known:





Credit: ESO



An artist’s impression of the yellow hypergiant binary star HR 5171. Credit: ESO
A stellar monster lurks in heart of the Centaur.

A recent analysis of a star in the south hemisphere constellation of Centaurus has highlighted the role that amateurs play in assisting with professional discoveries in astronomy.

The find used of the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope based in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile — as well as data from observatories around the world — to reveal the nature of a massive yellow “hypergiant” star as one of the largest stars known.(...)
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Still No Sign Of ‘Planet X’ In Latest NASA Survey

Still No Sign Of ‘Planet X’ In Latest NASA Survey:





No



No “Planet X” was found in a survey of the sky using NASA’s Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer. This picture, which comes from the same dataset, shows a recently discovered star (in red) called WISEA J204027.30+695924.1. Credit: DSS/NASA/JPL-Caltech
It’s one of those rumors that just won’t quiet down — a large planet lurking at the solar system’s edge. Back in the 1840s, when Neptune was discovered, its orbit seemed to be a little “off” from what was expected.

Some astronomers of the time said that was caused by a planet further out. Although the Neptune perturbations are now ascribed to observational errors, the tale of Planet X continues, and has sometimes even been linked with doomsday. (See this past Universe Today story for the full tale.)

NASA’s latest survey puts even less credence in that theory. A scan of the sky showed nothing Saturn’s size or bigger at a distance of 10,000 Earth-sun distances, or astronomical units. Nothing bigger than Jupiter exists as far as 26,000 AU. (To put that in perspective, Pluto is 40 AU from the sun.)

(...)

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Sunday, February 23, 2014

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Saturday, February 22, 2014

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Tuesday, January 21, 2014

Gisele Bundchen´s Dog called "Lua"

Gisele Bundchen´s Dog called "Lua"
Gisele Bundchen´s Dog called "Lua"


Wednesday, January 15, 2014

Monster Sunspot Erupts with an X-Class Flare

Monster Sunspot Erupts with an X-Class Flare:
Image of the X1.2 class solar flare from the Sun on January 7, 2014, as seen from the Solar Dynamics Observatory.
Monster Sunspot Erupts with an X-Class Flare
Image of the X1.2 class solar flare from the Sun on January 7, 2014, as seen from the Solar Dynamics Observatory.
Solar astronomers have been keeping an eye on giant sunspot AR1944, and as it turned towards Earth today, the sunspot erupted with a powerful X1.2-class flare. NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center said the flare sparked a “strong radio blackout” today, and they have issued a 24 hour “moderate” magnetic storm watch indicating a coronal mass ejection (CME) associated with the flare may be heading towards Earth. A CME is a fast moving cloud of charged particles which can interact with Earth’s atmosphere to cause aurora, so observers in northern and southern latitudes should be on the lookout for aurora, possibly through January 10.
Here’s a video of the flare from the Solar Dynamics Observatory:

(...)
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Gravitational Lens Seen for the First Time in Gamma Rays

Gravitational Lens Seen for the First Time in Gamma Rays:
An artist's concept of an active galactic nuclei hosting an energetic blazar. Credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab.
Gravitational Lens Seen for the First Time in Gamma Rays
An artist’s concept of an active galactic nuclei hosting an energetic blazar. Credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab.
An exciting new discovery was unveiled early this week at the 223rd  meeting of the American Astronomical Society being held in Washington D.C., when astronomers announced that a gravitational lens was detected for the first time at gamma-ray wavelengths.(...)
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Dark Sky Regulations Bring Zodiacal Light to Rhode Island Observatory

Dark Sky Regulations Bring Zodiacal Light to Rhode Island Observatory:
Zodiacal light over Charleston, RI (Scott MacNeill, Frosty Drew Observatory)
Dark Sky Regulations Bring Zodiacal Light to Rhode Island Observatory
Zodiacal light over Charlestown, RI (Scott MacNeill, Frosty Drew Observatory)
The result of sunlight reflected off fine particles of dust aligned along the plane of the Solar System, zodiacal light appears as a diffuse, hazy band of light stretching upwards from the horizon after sunset or before sunrise. Most people have never seen zodiacal light because it’s very dim, and thus an extremely dark sky is required. But thanks to recent dark sky regulations that were passed in the coastal Rhode Island town of Charlestown, this elusive astronomical phenomenon has become visible — to the delight of one local observatory.
(...)
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Chandra’s Verdict on the Demise of a Star: “Death by Black Hole”

Chandra’s Verdict on the Demise of a Star: “Death by Black Hole”:
A composite x-ray and optical image of a dwarf galaxy showing the x-ray transcient in the inset. Credit-CFHT (Optical), NASA/CXC/University of Alabama/GSCF/UMD/W.P. Maksym, D.Donato et al.
Chandra’s Verdict on the Demise of a Star: “Death by Black Hole”
A composite x-ray and optical image of a dwarf galaxy showing the x-ray transcient in the inset. Credit-CFHT (Optical), NASA/CXC/University of Alabama/GSCF/UMD/W.P. Maksym, D.Donato et al.
This week, astronomers announced the detection of a rare event, a star being torn to shreds by a massive black hole in the heart of a distant dwarf galaxy. The evidence was presented Wednesday January 8th at the ongoing 223rd meeting of the American Astronomical Society being held this week in Washington D.C.(...)
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Stunning Astrophotos: Kilimanjaro at Night

Stunning Astrophotos: Kilimanjaro at Night:
 At the break of dawn the southern Milky Way is photographed over Mount Kilimanjaro, as seen from Amboseli National Park, Kenya. The Great Carina Nebula is the red cloud at top. Constellation Crux or the Southern Cross appear on the left. On the Earth is the second peak of Mount Kilimanjaro reaching 5149 m high, known as Mawenzi (meaning the moon in Swahili). Credit and copyright:  Babak A. Tafreshi.
Stunning Astrophotos:  Kilimanjaro at Night
At the break of dawn the southern Milky Way is photographed over Mount Kilimanjaro, as seen from Amboseli National Park, Kenya. The Great Carina Nebula is the red cloud at top. Constellation Crux or the Southern Cross appear on the left. On the Earth is the second peak of Mount Kilimanjaro reaching 5149 m high, known as Mawenzi (meaning the moon in Swahili). Credit and copyright: Babak A. Tafreshi.
You might find yourself humming Paul Simon’s “Under African Skies” after seeing these stunning images! The World At Night photographer Babak Tafreshi has just returned from a trip to Kenya and has amassed a gorgeous collection of astrophotography showing Mt. Kilimanjaro by night (and some in the day, as well). Below you can see a panoramic view of Kilimanjaro in the moonlight, flanked by giraffes (can you spot the zebra, too?) and starry skies.
“His path was marked by the stars in the southern hemisphere

and he walked his days under African skies…”
(...)
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Millisecond Pulsar Discovered In Rare Triple Star System

Millisecond Pulsar Discovered In Rare Triple Star System:
An illustration of the triple millisecond pulsar with its two white dwarf companions. According to the new model, this remarkable system has survived three phases of mass transfer and a supernova explosion, and yet it remained dynamically stable. Credit: Thomas Tauris
Millisecond Pulsar Discovered In Rare Triple Star System
An illustration of the triple millisecond pulsar with its two white dwarf companions. According to the new model, this remarkable system has survived three phases of mass transfer and a supernova explosion, and yet it remained dynamically stable. Credit: Thomas Tauris
If you’re looking for something truly unique, then check out the cosmic menage aux trois ferreted out by a team of international astronomers using the Green Bank Telescope (GBT). This unusual group located in the constellation of Taurus includes a pulsar which is orbited by a pair of white dwarf stars. It’s the first time researchers have identified a triple star system containing a pulsar and the team has already employed the clock-like precision of the pulsar’s beat to observe the effects of gravitational interactions. (...)
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New Findings from NuSTAR: A New X-Ray View of the “Hand of God” and More

New Findings from NuSTAR: A New X-Ray View of the “Hand of God” and More:
The "Hand ( or Fist?) of God" nebula enshrouding pulsar PSR B1509-58. The upper red cloud structure is RCW 89. The image is a composite of Chandra observations (red & green), while NuSTAR observations are denoted in blue.
New Findings from NuSTAR: A New X-Ray View of the “Hand of God” and More
The “Hand ( or Fist?) of God” nebula enshrouding pulsar PSR B1509-58. The upper red cloud structure is RCW 89. The image is a composite of Chandra observations (red & green), while NuSTAR observations are denoted in blue. (Credit-NASA/JPL-Caltech/McGill).
One star player in this week’s findings out of the 223rd meeting of the American Astronomical Society has been the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array Mission, also known as NuSTAR. On Thursday, researchers revealed some exciting new results and images from the mission, as well as what we can expect from NuSTAR down the road.(...)
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